Transitional devices là những thành phần giúp chuyển ý giữa các câu, đoạn văn. Chúng là những dấu hiệu giúp người đọc không cảm thấy bị đột ngột khi bạn chuyển sang một ý khác.
Trong Ielts writing và speaking, bạn cần phải áp dụng chúng để làm cho bài văn/nói có sự gắn kết chặt chẽ.
Các thành phần chuyển ý/kết nối được sắp xếp theo thể loại:
💥 To Add:
and, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, nor, too, next, lastly, what’s more, moreover, in addition, first (second, etc.),
✍️ E.g., Texting while driving is dangerous; moreover, it’s illegal in some states.
💥 To Compare:
whereas, but, yet, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, by comparison, where, compared to, up against, balanced against, vis a vis, but, although, conversely, meanwhile, after all, in contrast, although this may be true
✍️ E.g., Hannah had been a kept woman with no problems since meeting Gio, whereas Katie had always struggled to find her path.
💥 To Prove:
because, for, since, for the same reason, obviously, evidently, furthermore, moreover, besides, indeed, in fact, in addition, in any case, that is
✍️ E.g., The next morning she was very docile, but evidently homesick.
💥 To Show Exception:
yet, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, of course, once in a while, sometimes
✍️ E.g., My salary is really low, nevertheless I find the work incredibly rewarding.
💥 To Show Time:
immediately, thereafter, soon, after a few hours, finally, then, later, previously, formerly, first (second, etc.), next, and then
✍️ E.g., The hunters were formerly a numerous and merry crew here.
💥 To Repeat:
in brief, as I have said, as I have noted, as has been noted,
✍️ E.g., Photography, as has been noted, is a cruel and tender medium.
💥 To Emphasize:
definitely, extremely, obviously, in fact, indeed, in any case, absolutely, positively, naturally, surprisingly, always, forever, perennially, eternally, never, emphatically, unquestionably, without a doubt, certainly, undeniably, without reservation
✍️ E.g., North Carolina is perennially ranked at or near the top of the best states in which to do business.
💥 To Show Sequence:
first, second, third, and so forth. next, then, following this, at this time, now, at this point, after, afterward, subsequently, finally, consequently, previously, before this, simultaneously, concurrently, thus, therefore, hence, next, and then, soon
✍️ E.g., Consequently, I need more time to prepare my lessons than other girls.
💥 To Give an Example:
for example, for instance, in this case, in another case, on this occasion, in this situation, take the case of, to demonstrate, to illustrate, as an illustration, to illustrate
✍️ E.g., An example is included as an illustration.
💥 To Summarize or Conclude:
in brief, on the whole, summing up, to conclude, in conclusion, as I have shown, as I have said, hence, therefore, accordingly, thus, as a result, consequently, on the whole
✍️ E.g., On the whole, exhibitors kept things simple.
Bài viết này mình có tham khảo nguồn https://owl.purdue.edu. Bạn hãy áp dụng chúng vào bài của mình để làm cho câu văn được mượt mà, tổng thể bài được gắn kết nhé.
With love & passion!
P/s: Ngoài những bài giảng online cho những người tự học tiếng Anh, Ielts, nếu muốn học kỹ và chất lượng hơn với các lớp học ít người, học phí thấp các bạn có thể tham gia các lớp luyện thi Ielts offline trên đường Nguyễn Trãi – Hà Nội của mình nhé.
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